Omega-3 fish oil shows promise against type 2 diabetes

From sciencedaily.com

Fish oil may help switch off inflammation-driven insulin resistance—even in type 2 diabetes patients who aren't overweight

Fish oil may have a surprising role in the fight against insulin resistance, especially in a form of type 2 diabetes that is often overlooked. A Brazilian study published in Nutrients found that omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil reduced glucose intolerance and weakened insulin resistance in rats that were not obese but showed a diabetes-like metabolic condition.

The work was funded by FAPESP and focused on Goto-Kakizaki rats, a well established animal model used to study non-obese type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is marked by high blood sugar that occurs when insulin, the hormone that helps move glucose from the blood into cells, does not work effectively.

Fish Oil and Insulin Resistance

Omega-3 supplements, including fish oil, are often used by people with cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. However, scientists still know much less about how these fatty acids affect insulin resistance when obesity is not involved.

That question matters because obesity is one of the strongest risk factors for type 2 diabetes, but it is not the whole story. An estimated 10% to 20% of people with type 2 diabetes worldwide are not obese. For these patients, the biological roots of insulin resistance may differ from the better known obesity-linked pathways.

In the study, researchers gave the rats fish oil at a dose of 2 grams per kilogram of body weight (equivalent to 540 mg/g of eicosapentaenoic acid, or EPA, and 100 mg/g of docosahexaenoic acid, or DHA) three times weekly for eight weeks. By the end of the experiment, the treated animals showed lower insulin resistance, better blood sugar control, reduced inflammatory markers, and improvements in several lipid measures, including total cholesterol, LDL ("bad cholesterol") and triglycerides.

The results came from preclinical experiments, so they do not prove that fish oil will have the same effects in people. Still, the findings point to inflammation as a powerful target in non-obese diabetes and suggest that omega-3 fatty acids deserve closer study in this group.

Fish oil rich in omega-3s helped reverse insulin resistance and improve blood sugar control in non-obese diabetic rats. By calming inflammation and reshaping immune cell activity, it revealed a surprising new avenue for tackling type 2 diabetes. Credit: Shutterstock

A Shift in Immune Cells

"Our experiments involved Goto-Kakizaki [GK] rats, an animal model for non-obese type 2 diabetes. We found that insulin resistance can be reduced in these animals by modulating the inflammatory response so as to change the profile of defence cells [lymphocytes] from a pro-inflammatory state to an anti-inflammatory state. This process parallels the response of obese individuals with insulin resistance to omega-3 fatty acid supplementation," said Rui Curi, Director of Butantan Institute's Education Center, Professor of Interdisciplinary Graduate Studies in Health Sciences at Cruzeiro do Sul University (UNICSUL), and coordinator of the study.

Lymphocytes are white blood cells that help direct the adaptive immune response. When their behaviour changes, the effects can spread through the immune system and influence other cells involved in inflammation.

"In previous studies, we observed alterations in both lymphocytes and macrophages [large white blood cells that often reside in adipose tissue and are part of the innate immune system, engulfing and destroying pathogens] in non-obese rats with insulin resistance. In such cases, these cells produce more pro-inflammatory cytokines, as is central in obese people with diabetes," Curi explained.

"The main aim of the study, therefore, was to find out whether supplementation with fish oil [rich in omega-3] could reverse specific alterations in lymphocytes that had been observed in previous research. Our findings increased our knowledge of the link between inflammation and insulin resistance in non-obese animals, confirming that this is a key factor in diabetes even in the absence of obesity," said Renata Gorjão, last author of the article, and Co-Director of UNICSUL's Program of Graduate Studies in Health Sciences.

Inflammation Without Obesity

The Nutrients study, conducted during the PhD candidacy of Tiago Bertola Lobato, was part of a broader FAPESP-supported project exploring how insulin resistance develops in non-obese animals.

Curi noted that obesity is a major diabetes risk factor, but not the only one. In people who develop diabetes without obesity, one leading hypothesis is that genetic factors may play an important role. In another study published in Cells, Curi, Gorjão, and colleagues investigated whether delayed intestinal transit might also contribute to insulin resistance in non-obese individuals.

"Most obese people have chronic low-level inflammation, which is known to affect the insulin signalling pathways. Adipose tissue, which is augmented in obesity, releases pro-inflammatory cytokines that affect the insulin signalling pathways, promoting insulin resistance. In the non-obese model, this impactful characteristic of adipose tissue is absent, but systemic inflammation is present," Curi said.

The group had previously shown systemic inflammation in non-obese GK rats with insulin resistance in a study published in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences.

Another paper from the same project reported that anti-inflammatory defences appear to break down early in non-obese GK rats with insulin resistance. Lymph nodes (part of the immune system) from newly weaned 21-day-old GK pups already showed reduced markers of regulatory T-cells (Tregs, cells with anti-inflammatory characteristics). The researchers also detected other early inflammatory changes. That work was published in FEBS Letters, a journal of the Federation of European Biochemical Societies.

How Omega-3s May Help

The Nutrients study suggests that fish oil may work by moving immune activity away from a damaging inflammatory pattern and toward a more protective one.

"Fish oil supplementation reversed this pro-inflammatory profile, displaying a significant anti-inflammatory effect and reducing polarization of Th1 and Th17 cells [lymphocyte subtypes that perform crucial functions in inflammation], followed by a rise in the percentage of Tregs, which can inhibit the activation of pro-inflammatory lymphocytes. Thus the action of omega-3 fatty acids on lymphocytes, modulating them from a pro-inflammatory state to an anti-inflammatory state, may have triggered the reduction in insulin resistance in these animals," Lobato said.

That immune shift is important because insulin resistance is not only a problem of sugar metabolism. It is also deeply connected to inflammation. When inflammatory signals remain elevated, they can interfere with insulin signalling and make it harder for cells to respond to the hormone.

The study adds to a growing view of type 2 diabetes as a disease shaped by both metabolism and the immune system. In this case, fish oil appeared to improve blood sugar regulation not simply by changing fat levels, but by changing the inflammatory environment that helps drive insulin resistance.

What Later Studies Add

Since the Nutrients paper was published, related human research has continued to examine how omega-3 fatty acids may influence early diabetes risk and metabolic health.

A 2025 double blind randomized controlled trial in Food and Function tested fish oil supplementation in healthy middle aged and older adults. Over 12 weeks, the fish oil groups had dose related increases in serum EPA and DHA. The researchers also reported decreases in fasting insulin and the HOMA-IR index, a common marker of insulin resistance. Fasting blood glucose trended downward across groups, and several lipid related measures also improved.

Another 2024 analysis in Nutrition and Diabetes used modelling data from 161 patients with type 2 diabetes to explore the relationship between omega-3 levels and HbA1c, a longer term marker of blood sugar control. The authors reported a dose related association and proposed that omega-3 intake could be studied in a more individualized way, while also noting that the role of omega-3s in type 2 diabetes remains debated.

Together, these studies do not settle the question of whether fish oil should be used to manage diabetes. Human evidence remains mixed, and the Brazilian study was conducted in animals, not people. However, the newer findings are consistent with the idea that omega-3 fatty acids may affect insulin resistance and inflammation in ways worth testing more carefully.

More Research Still Needed

Despite the promising findings, the researchers stressed that the results should be interpreted cautiously. Animal studies are useful for uncovering biological mechanisms, but clinical trials are needed before scientists can know whether the same strategy works in people with non-obese type 2 diabetes.

"These studies involved well-established experimental models that mimic insulin resistance in non-obese individuals. Trials in humans are needed to estimate the ideal dose and the most indicated type of omega-3 fatty acid," Curi said.

For now, the study offers a compelling clue: in diabetes, body weight may not be the only driver of insulin resistance. Inflammation can play a central role even without obesity, and fish oil may help reveal how that hidden process can be changed.

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2026/05/260530004626.htm

5 Anti-Inflammatory Habits to Do Before Noon for Better Blood Sugar, According to Dietitians

From eatingwell.com

High blood sugar and inflammation travel hand in hand. Learn how small, realistic morning changes can make a big difference in your health 

KEY POINTS

• High blood sugar and inflammation are closely linked, each fuelling the other. 
• Morning habits, like eating breakfast early, may reduce blood sugar and calm inflammation.
• Other morning strategies include eating yogurt, drinking green tea and taking a brisk walk.

Managing blood sugar and keeping inflammation in check can be challenging, especially if you’re living with diabetes. These two issues are closely linked. Ongoing inflammation can make blood glucose harder to manage, while high blood glucose levels can drive more inflammation, creating a cycle that’s tough to break. Fortunately, making a few strategic choices in the morning might help nudge things in the right direction.

We asked registered dietitians for their favourite, realistic tips for better blood sugar and less inflammation that you can try before 12 p.m. Their expert suggestions aren’t a quick fix, but they may be helpful building blocks for better blood sugar and less inflammation over time. 

If you’re looking for small ways to set yourself up for a steadier, healthier day, these morning ideas are a great place to start.

1. Eat a Balanced Breakfast within an Hour of Waking

The timing of your breakfast plays a pivotal role in your blood sugar and inflammatory response, making it nearly as important as what you eat. Sure, eating a nourishing breakfast that is low (or free from) added sugar is key. But eating shortly after waking may be a surprising way to help your body to align with its natural circadian rhythms, which may promote better metabolic health. For instance, research has found that eating earlier in the day, like having breakfast soon after waking and dinner early in the evening, may improve glucose metabolism and energy utilization. Conversely, late-night eating can disrupt glucose processing. Breakfast timing isn’t just about blood sugar, though. Research has also found that eating earlier in the day may also reduce markers of inflammation.

What time is best? “I recommend having breakfast within an hour of waking,” says Adaure Nosiri, M.S., RDN, LD. If you really want to get granular, one study found that people who eat breakfast by 8:30 a.m. tend to have lower blood sugar and insulin levels.

Of course, what you eat matters, too. Aim for a balanced breakfast rich in protein, healthy fats and fibre to provide sustained energy and keep blood sugar levels steady.

2. Incorporate Plain Strained (Greek-Style) Yogurt

A simple, yet powerful addition to your morning meal is plain, strained (Greek-style) yogurt. “Studies have indicated that yogurt consumption may help reduce inflammation,” says Kimberley Rose-Francis, RDN, CDCES. This nutritional powerhouse may also help tackle high blood sugar, she adds. “Plain, strained (Greek-style) yogurt is especially beneficial since it is high in protein and free from added sugars, helping to manage spikes in blood sugar levels,” she says. Its high protein content promotes satiety, while its probiotics support a healthy gut, another key player in managing inflammation.

Yogurt is so promising, in fact, that the Food and Drug Administration allows yogurt manufacturers to add a qualified health claim to their product labels that highlights the potential link between yogurt consumption and a reduced risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

When choosing yogurt, opt for plain, unsweetened varieties. Many flavoured yogurts are loaded with added sugars that may negatively impact blood sugar. You can easily add natural sweetness and a boost of fiber by topping your yogurt with fresh berries, a sprinkle of cinnamon or a handful of nuts or seeds. 

3. Get Moving with a Brisk Walk

“One of the best things you can do for both inflammation and blood sugar is regular exercise,” says Johannah Katz, M.A., RDN. If a full gym session sounds overwhelming, don’t worry. A morning workout doesn’t have to be intense to be beneficial. “If exercise feels daunting, try starting with a brisk, 20-minute walk in the morning,” suggests Nicole Branch, M.S., RD. A morning walk gets your blood pumping, helps your muscles use glucose more efficiently, and can improve your mood and mental clarity for the rest of the day.

It can also be helpful to know that consistency is more important than intensity. “Establishing a consistent morning routine makes it much more likely that you’ll stick with exercise long-term,” adds Branch. 

4. Hydrate with Green Tea

Starting your day with proper hydration is fundamental for every system in your body. It even has an impact on blood sugar. Not only are people with diabetes more prone to dehydration, a lack of fluids can concentrate blood glucose levels. While this doesn’t change the amount of glucose in your body, it does alter the ratio of sugar to water in your blood. So, it can potentially mess with your blood sugar readings. While water should be your primary beverage, consider adding green tea to your morning routine for an extra anti-inflammatory punch. Green tea is rich in antioxidants, particularly a compound called EGCG, which may reduce inflammation and protect cells from damage.

Mokra D, Joskova M, Mokry J. Therapeutic Effects of Green Tea Polyphenol (‒)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate (EGCG) in Relation to Molecular Pathways Controlling Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;24(1):340. doi: 10.3390/ijms24010340.

Green tea may also be a plus for blood sugar management. For instance, one systematic review and meta-analysis of 27 trials found that green tea may lower fasting glucose. However, it did not have the same impact on A1C, so think of it as a short-term helper.

If you need one more reason to brew a cup of green tea, it provides a gentle dose of caffeine along with the amino acid L-theanine. This combination can promote alertness without the jittery side effects of coffee, making it a great choice for the morning. 

5. Give Yourself a Few Mindful Moments

Stress has a direct and measurable impact on your blood sugar levels. Here’s why: When you’re stressed, your body releases hormones like cortisol, which tell your liver to release more glucose into the bloodstream. This “fight or flight” response can lead to elevated blood sugar, even if you haven’t eaten anything. If that happens once in a while, it’s nothing to worry about. However, when stress becomes a regular event, repeated glucose spikes may lead to insulin resistance. If that weren’t enough, ongoing stress is also linked to chronic inflammation, which may also raise blood glucose.

You don’t need to meditate for an hour to see benefits. Just five to 10 minutes of mindfulness before 12 p.m. can set a calmer tone for your entire day. This could be deep-breathing exercises, gentle stretching, journaling or simply sitting quietly with your morning tea and focusing on your senses. By intentionally reducing your stress levels in the morning, you help prevent the hormonal cascade that sends your blood sugar soaring and keep inflammation in check while you’re at it.

How Inflammation Can Impact Diabetes

The link between inflammation and diabetes is complex and cyclical. “Inflammation interferes with the body’s ability to use insulin effectively, which in turn leads to higher blood sugar levels,” explains Branch. “This creates a vicious cycle [in which] high blood sugar causes inflammation, and inflammation causes insulin resistance, further raising blood sugar.” The dynamic makes managing inflammation a critical part of managing diabetes.

That’s not all. “There are several pathways connecting inflammation to diabetes, particularly type 2 diabetes,” says Rose-Francis. “One key factor is gut health.” How are they linked? Your gut is home to trillions of bacteria, some of which are helpful and others that are harmful. When an imbalance in these bacteria occurs, it may compromise the integrity of the gut barrier, explains Rose-Francis. This may trigger a chain of events that impairs your body’s ability to use insulin efficiently, promotes fat storage and increases inflammation. Fortunately, foods like probiotic-rich yogurt and fiber-filled fruits, vegetables, beans, legumes and whole grains can promote the growth of good gut bacteria, helping to fend off inflammation from the inside out.

Our Expert Take

Your morning routine has the power to shape your health for the entire day. By focusing on a few key actions before noon, you can take proactive steps to reduce inflammation and help manage blood sugar. Dietitian-backed strategies include eating an early breakfast, enjoying some plain, strained (Greek-style) yogurt, taking a brisk walk, hydrating with green tea and managing stress. Adopting these habits can help break the cycle of high blood sugar and inflammation, paving the way for improved insulin sensitivity and overall well-being. So, start small, stay consistent, and watch how these simple morning rituals can lead to significant positive changes.

https://www.eatingwell.com/anti-inflammatory-habits-before-noon-for-diabetes-11811244

12 foods that can improve circulation

From restless.co.uk

We all know that eating a balanced diet is important for our health. But when it comes to specific health concerns, such as poor circulation, research shows that there are several foods that can help to improve blood flow and heart health.

Although circulatory issues (which can be caused by things like obesity, Raynaud’s disease, and diabetes) often require medication, you can also make healthy lifestyle changes by adding foods to your diet that are known to improve blood flow.

With this in mind, here are 12 foods that can improve circulation…

1. Cayenne pepper

Cayenne peppers are a type of moderately hot chilli pepper used for seasoning dishes. They get their spicy flavour from a phytochemical called capsaicin.

Research has found that capsaicin improves blood flow to tissues because it lowers blood pressure and stimulates the release of vasodilators, like nitric oxide. Vasodilators allow blood to flow more easily by relaxing the tiny muscles found along blood vessel walls. The study suggests that eating cayenne pepper can improve circulation, increase blood vessel strength, and reduce plaque build-up in arteries.

Plus, cayenne peppers are often included in various creams for pain relief because they encourage blood flow to affected areas.

If you’d like some inspiration on how to add cayenne pepper to your diet, check out this list of 15 cayenne pepper recipes from Insanely Good. Cayenne pepper is most commonly used in meat marinades and as seasoning for dishes like tacos, enchiladas, and fajitas.

If you wanted to, you could also try making your own cayenne pepper sauce using this recipe from Chili Pepper Madness.

2. Onions

All onions contain flavonoid antioxidants, which are known to benefit heart health. However, white onions have the highest flavonoid content.

Studies have shown that eating onions can improve circulation by helping veins and arteries to widen. For example, men in this study found that taking 4.3g of onion extract daily significantly improved blood flow and arterial dilation after eating.

Onions also offer anti-inflammatory benefits for arteries and veins, which can improve blood flow and boost heart health.

If that wasn’t enough, this humble root vegetable is also incredibly versatile and can be used to add flavour to a variety of dishes. For inspiration, check out these 16 delicious recipes with onions from The Clever Meal, which includes onion chutney and pasta with caramelized onions.

3. Cinnamon

Most of us are familiar with the sweet, tasty spice of cinnamon, but what we might not realise is that it also offers a number of health benefits – including improved circulation.

Various animal studies have revealed the positive impact that cinnamon can have on blood vessel dilation and blood flow in the coronary arteries (which are responsible for supplying blood to the heart).

Research has also shown that cinnamon can help to reduce blood pressure by relaxing blood vessels; which in turn improves circulation and keeps the heart working smoothly.

For example, in this study of people with type 2 diabetes, consuming 1,200mg of cinnamon a day reduced systolic blood pressure (the force with which your heart pumps blood around your body) by an average of 3.4mmHg after 12 weeks.

As you’ll find from these 10 healthy cinnamon recipes from Everyday Health, cinnamon can be used in many different ways. Why not try making the honey cinnamon roasted sweet potato cubes or the healthy cinnamon hot chocolate?

4. Pomegranate

Pomegranates contain high amounts of polyphenol antioxidants and nitrates, which are highly effective at widening blood vessels and improving blood flow.

As a result, adding pomegranate to your diet – as a juice, supplement, or raw – may help to improve circulation and blood flow. This can increase the rate at which oxygen is transported to muscle tissue, which can be particularly beneficial for active individuals.

This study of active people found that consuming 1,000mg of pomegranate extract 30 minutes before a workout increased blood flow and blood vessel diameter, and boosted exercise performance.

Another study revealed that consuming 500ml of pomegranate juice each day, either during or before strength training, reduced muscle damage, soreness, and inflammation in elite athletes.

Aside from eating pomegranate as a snack or enjoying it as a juice, it also makes a sweet addition to a number of recipes. In this list of pomegranate recipes from Olive, it’s used in salads, couscous dishes, sauces, and desserts.

5. Turmeric

Turmeric has been used in traditional Chinese medicine since ancient times and is known to widen blood vessels and improve circulation.

According to research, it’s a compound called curcumin, found in turmeric, that makes it a good food for improving circulation. Curcumin helps to increase nitric oxide production (which dilates blood vessels), and reduce levels of inflammation and oxidative stress (an imbalance between harmful molecules and healthy antioxidants) in the body.

In this study, taking 2,000mg of curcumin every day for 12 weeks resulted in a 37% increase in blood flow in the forearm and a 36% increase in upper arm blood flow.

BBC Good Food has a list of turmeric recipes – which includes everything from curries and rice dishes to hearty soups – if you’re after some inspiration.

6. Walnuts

Walnuts are packed full of healthy compounds such as alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) and vitamin E, both of which encourage the dilation of blood vessels and improve blood flow.

People with diabetes may particularly benefit from eating walnuts. This is because having diabetes can often cause circulation issues if blood vessels become damaged by uncontrolled blood sugar levels.

For example, this study of people at risk of diabetes found that those who ate 56g of walnuts each day for six months saw significant improvements in their blood vessel function compared with a control group.

Walnuts make a great snack on their own, but can also be added to meals. You’ll find plenty of inspiration in this list of healthy walnut recipes from Well and Good, which includes everything from cinnamon and walnut porridge to sun-dried tomato and walnut tacos.

7. Ginger

Ginger is another food that, like turmeric, has been a staple in traditional Chinese and Indian medicines for thousands of years – and for good reason.

In both animal and human studies, ginger has been found to reduce high blood pressure, which is a condition known to restrict blood flow.

In this study of over 4,500 people, those who consumed the most ginger (between 2g and 4g a day) had the lowest risk of developing high blood pressure.

Check out these ginger recipes from BBC Good Food for ideas on how to add it into your diet. The list includes everything from stir-fried beef with ginger to ginger flapjacks.

8. Garlic

Garlic is well-known for its benefits when it comes to heart health and circulation.

Studies have long suggested that garlic – particularly the sulfur compounds it contains, like allicin – can lower blood pressure by relaxing blood vessels, and increase blood flow to tissues in the body.

As a result, diets high in garlic are often linked with better flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD). FMD describes the widening of an artery in response to an increase in blood flow, which is an indicator of blood vessel health.

In this study of people with coronary heart disease, those who consumed garlic powder tablets containing 1,200mg of allicin twice a day for three months experienced 50% improved blood flow compared to the placebo group.

For cooking inspiration, check out this list of garlic-rich recipes from BBC Good Food, which includes spicy spaghetti with garlic mushrooms and easy chicken kievs.

9. Leafy greens

Leafy green vegetables, like collard greens and spinach, are rich in nitrates which the body converts to nitric oxide – a compound that, as we’ve mentioned, effectively dilates blood vessels and allows blood to flow more easily.

In this study, those who consumed high-nitrate spinach (845mg) every day for a week saw significant improvements in blood pressure and blood flow compared to a placebo group.

Research has also revealed that people who follow a traditional Japanese diet high in nitrate-rich vegetables like spinach, often have lower blood pressure than those who eat diets without many vegetables.

There are plenty of delicious ways to add more leafy greens to your diet – such as in salads, soups, and pasta dishes. You can find more ideas in this list of different ways to eat leafy greens from Taste of Home.

10. Beetroot

A lot of athletes supplement their diets with beetroot juice or powder to help improve their performance. This is because beetroot, like leafy greens, is high in nitrates.

But it’s not only athletes who can benefit, as aside from boosting athletic performance, eating beetroot may also help to improve blood flow in older adults with circulation issues.

This study of older adults found that those who drank 140ml of nitrate-rich beetroot juice per day saw decreases in blood pressure, blood vessel inflammation, and clotting time than those in the placebo group.

Beetroot can be roasted, boiled, added to smoothies, and much more. A Couple Cooks has a list of their favourite beetroot recipes, which includes creamy beetroot hummus, poke bowls, and beetroot green omelettes.

11. Citrus fruits

Citrus fruits like oranges, grapefruits, and lemons are loaded with antioxidants, including flavonoids.

Research suggests that eating citrus fruits rich in flavonoids may help to decrease inflammation in the body. This can, in turn, lower blood pressure and reduce stiffness in the arteries while increasing nitric oxide production and improving blood flow.

For example, in this study of people who were overweight or obese, those who drank 200ml of blood orange juice twice a day for two weeks experienced significant improvements in blood vessel function compared to the control group.

Regular consumption of citrus fruits like oranges has also been linked to reduced blood pressure and a lowered risk of stroke.

Citrus fruits make a refreshing snack on their own or as part of a smoothie. Or, if you’d like something a bit more adventurous, why not try one of these recipes with citrus fruit from Taste of Home? The list includes everything from chicken tacos to orange-glazed pork with sweet potatoes.

12. Fatty fish

No healthy foods list is complete without a mention of fatty fish. That’s because fatty fish, such as salmon, tuna, and mackerel, are great sources of omega-3 fatty acids.

Omega-3s are particularly beneficial for circulation because they stimulate the release of nitric oxide.

Research has also found that having healthy levels of omega-3 fatty acids can help to prevent the clumping of platelets in the blood – a process that can cause blood clots to form.

More good news is that fish oil supplements have been linked to reductions in high blood pressure and improved blood flow in muscles, both during and after exercise. For example, in this study of healthy adult men, consuming high doses of fish oil (4.2g daily for four weeks) significantly improved blood flow to the legs following exercise.

Our article, Omega-3 – what it is and why we need it, provides more information and ideas on how you can get enough of this essential fatty acid.

Final thoughts…

Poor circulation is a common issue caused by a number of health conditions, such as obesity, diabetes, and Raynaud’s disease. However, alongside any necessary medication, research has shown that adding certain foods to your diet can be an effective way to boost circulatory health and improve blood flow.

For further reading, you might be interested in our articles; 10 delicious foods that can boost heart health and 14 blood-pressure-lowering foods.

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