Without diabetes, beta cells in the pancreas make and release a hormone called insulin.
The beta cells produce and release insulin in the right amount, at the right time to keep levels of blood sugar where they should be.
For those with diabetes, there is a difference between Type 1 Diabetes and Type 2 diabetes:
Type 1: beta cells make little or no insulin, so people with Type 1 diabetes need to take insulin in order to use sugar from food they eat. Both Genetic and environmental factors contribute to the risk of developing Type 1 diabetes.
In Type 2 diabetes several things may be happening:
-Cells in the body may not use insulin made by the pancreas efficiently-Beta cells are unable to make enough insulin.
-Hormones called GLP-1 and GIP may not be working normally.
-Liver may release too much sugar.
Currently, there are 30 million diabetics in the United States or 9.3% of the population. Of those, more than eight million are undiagnosed, and more than one million have Type 1 diabetes.
People with pre-diabetes are at risk for developing type 2 diabetes. Encouragingly, research shows dietary and lifestyle change may successfully bring blood sugars back down into the non-diabetes range and avoid a diabetes diagnosis.
Research shows the following two things are effective in preventing diabetes:
Weight Loss: A 7% weight loss if you are overweight (for most people between 10-20 pounds)
Physical Activity: 150 minutes/week of moderate paced activity (for example walking for 30 minutes five times per week)
https://www.rochesterregional.org/blog/2016/11/type-1-vs-type-2-diabetes/
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